Determining a substance by tritration Essay Example for Free

Determining a substance by tritration Essay Aim: Using the procedures of a standard acid base titration lab, the goal of this experiment is identifying the amount of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) that is presented in a calcium carbonate substance presented by our teacher. Hypothesis: Due to any unknown substance that we encounter in the chemistry room, we must take serious precaution, as the substance may very well be highly contagious and dangerous to smell, touch or taste directly. The only ability that we posses that can be used to observer this substance is our vision that is going to help us in determining the concentration of the substance. Although that with vision only, it will not suffice the need that is necessary to make that judgment as we need quantitative data (finding the exact concentration of calcium carbonate). Unless we have prior knowledge about this substance, the processes of a titration must be used. My hypothesis begins that this has about 60% concentration. Variables: Independent Variable: There is none in this experiment. The goal of this lab is not to include any variables that will change the concentration of the calcium carbonate. We need constant results for the concentration of the calcium carbonate, as that will determine the actual concentration of the calcium carbonate in our substance. Dependent Variable: The volume needed to titrate the calcium carbonate solution by using the phenolphthalein indicator. Though it is a clear substance, the indicator will change its color into pink when the solution becomes a base from an acid. By determining the amount of hydrochloric acid is needed to change the color of the solution, we can determine the concentration of calcium carbonate through some calculations. Controlled Variables: 1. The Distilled Water: The distilled water will be the only water that will be used during the entire experiment. The distilled water was prepared and resented by our teacher. 2. The calcium carbonate substance: The calcium carbonate substance was constant throughout the entire experiment. 3. The Hydrochloric Acid: The hydrochloric acid was one of the main components of this experiment. Therefore this acid was also prepared and presented by the teacher. 4. All Equipment: All the same equipments such as the pipette and the filter paper were used throughout the experiment. Apparatus: * Unknown white powdered substance * 50cm3 burette * 3 250cm3 Erlenmeyer flask * 200cm3 for hydrochloric acid * 0.1M of Sodium Hydroxide * Burette clamp * Retort stand * Distilled water * Goggles * Filter paper * A funnel * Phenolphthalein indicator * A scale * Paper towel * A spoon * Pipette * Pipette sucker * White paper Method: 1. First set up the retort stand and the retort clamp as indicated by the diagram below. Of course, the flask must be prepared in the subsequent steps. However unlike the diagram, place a white piece of paper beneath the flask so that the color change becomes more easily visible. 2. After placing the paper towel and scaling the scale, measure out approximately 10.0 grams of the unknown substance and record the exact mass 3. Add 200cm3 of 1.00-mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid and stir until the reaction is complete. 4. Filter the solution and withdraw 10cm3 using a pipette and make up to 100 cm3 in a volumetric flask. 5. Titrate 10cm3 portions against a standard 0.1M NaOH using the phenolphthalein indicator. 6. Record both quantitative and qualitative data. 7. Repeat the process of titration three times. Observation (Data Collection): Measurements: * Mass of Calcium Carbonate solution: * Burette: Calcium Carbonate solution made using 250cm3volumetric flask with an uncertainty of ?0.5cm3 * Pipette: 25.0cm3 of 0.100moldm-3 NaOH(aq) ?0.04cm3 Chemical Equations: Before we delve into the calculations, it is best that we list the necessary chemical equations of this lab. One must note that in this experiment, that there were two chemical reactions. Firstly, the first experiment occurs when the white substance mixed with the HCl. The second chemical reaction took place when the HCl solution meets with the .1M of NaOH 1. 2. Qualitative Data: Description of the substance used and produced Hydrochloric Acid Clear, viscous, Calcium Carbonate White, powder form Phenolphthalein Indicator Clear solution, comes in a bottle, add as drops Solution Produced in the end Bubbly, white liquid, most of the unknown mixture dissolved Clear/pink throughout. Quantitative Data: Measurement Recorded During the Experiment Trial 1 2 3 4* Initial Burette Reading (ml?0.05cm3) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Final Burette Reading (ml?0.05cm3) 5.45 5.90 5.60 5.40 *To note, for the calculations below, the supervisor at the time suggested the best data to use would be the average of the HCl used because the numbers found were very consistent. Calculations The following steps were taken so to find the % by mass of CaCO3 in the mixture 1. The moles of acid presented in 200cm3of 1.00 mol dm-3hydrochloric acid. 2. The moles of acid presented in 10cm3of the acid solution titrated. 0.00056molof HCl 3. Multiply the volume present in the volumetric flask. 4. The total moles acids remaining after the reaction with CaCO3 5. Subtract the value in 4 from that obtained in 1 to find moles acid used. 6. The stochiometric equation for the reaction of HCl and CaCO3 Hydrochloric acid+Calcium carbonateCalcium chloride+water+Carbon dioxide -Therefore the molar ratio is 1 mole of calcium carbonate to 2 moles of hydrochloric acid 7. Using this and the value in 5 to calculate the moles of CaCO3 present. Then calculate the mass of CaCO3 8. Using the value found in step 7 and the original mass of the mixture, here is the calculation to find percent of the mixture is made up of CaCO3 Uncertainties: * * * * Total Uncertainty= Conclusion: This experiment in general was very interesting. During this lab, I was able to learn of how we can identify the amount of a substance by knowing the concentration and volume of another. We were able to do so as we knew the moles and concentration of sodium hydroxide that had enabled us to find the unknown concentration of calcium carbonate. Because the actual percentage of CaCO3 was not given, we must concur that the accuracy of this lab has been affected and therefore must be assessed by our uncertainty percentage. The percent of uncertainties represents the desultory errors that may have occurred, which either may make the measurements bigger or smaller than the accepted value, due to imprecise measurement. One way to avoid future random errors, better equipment may be needed, or repetition of the measurements. Despite the uncertainties based on lab equipments and other mediums of measurements, one of the biggest possible sources of error lies in the systematic errors of this lab, especially finding the exact endpoint. Though the pink color should indicate when the endpoint is reached, in trial 2 and 3, the solution turned a faint pink color and my partners and I did not know whether that faint pink indicated the endpoint. This could have resulted in a measurement lower than the actual value. To possibly improve this source of error, I believe more time and trials should be allotted to the students. When I was doing my experiment, we were only given a single class time to follow the procedures, write down our notes, and clean up our experiment. If more time was allotted, then higher quality recordings could be made. This would then give us a clearer idea when the endpoint actually is. Next, though it is unlikely, to improve this lab we may have to rinse the burettes and other flasks prior to performing this lab. In my chemistry classroom, burettes and flasks are arranged so that the clean ones are clearly seen and labeled while the used ones are in the sink. However it could be possible that another student may have placed an unclean burette in the cabinet full of clean equipments. Therefore, for accuracy purposes, all equipment should be washed using soap and tissues. Reviewing and understanding the errors can significantly improve this experiment. Though my hypothesis of the concentration being 60% calcium carbonate was wrong, this experiment taught me the value and usefulness of the process of titration.

Common Agricultural Policy by European Union

Common Agricultural Policy by European Union The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is a policy, set forth by the European Union (EU). It also comprises of a set of rules that control the manufacture, trade, and processing of agricultural products. The CAP currently accounts for almost fifty percent of the EU budget, however, this number continues to decrease over the years. The CAP is significant in that it symbolizes Europes switch from sovereignty on a national level to a European level. The CAP is funded by the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund (EAGGF).This fund is allocated into two different sections, the Guidance section and the Guarantee section. The Guidance section is one of the structural funds, which contributes to the structural improvements in agriculture and the development of rural areas; the Guarantee section funds expenditures concerning the common organization of the markets. Storage taxes, manufacture taxes, and portions of each member states Gross National Product (GNP) also finances the CAP. The Treaty of Rome, in July 1958, formed the foundation for a unified Europe via the implementation of the general objectives for the CAP. â€Å"The CAP was established as a means of rectifying the deficit in food production within Europe through supporting internal prices and incomes† (Blair 123-124). The CAP succeeded in realizing its initial goals of increased production and productivity, stabilized markets, secured supplies, and farmer protection. However, the system included problems, which became apparent as the Community established a surplus for most of its agricultural products. First, the CAP increased output beyond the markets need via the guaranteeing of prices through intervention and production aids. Second, the very success of the Cap caused tension within the Communitys trading partners as subsidized exports affected the market, and thirdly, the desire to produce more food brought with it environmental damage to certain regions (Blair 123-4). The legal base for the CAP is defined in Articles 32-38 in Title II of the EC Treaty, in which, Articles 33-34 form the basic foundation for the CAP. Article 33 lists the objectives of the CAP as a means, â€Å"to increase agricultural productivity by promoting technical progress and by ensuring the balanced development of agricultural production and the optimal utilization of the factors of production, to ensure a fair standard of living for the agricultural community, in particular by increasing the individual earnings of persons engaged in agriculture, to stabilize markets, to assure the availability of supplies, and to ensure that supplies reach consumers at reasonable prices† (europa.eu.int).Through Article 34 came the creation of the Common Organization of the Agricultural Markets (COM). These COMs were to take on one of three different forms, depending on the product. They successfully eliminate obstacles to intra-Union trade while also keeping a common customs barrier with respect to countries outside the Union. Results of the COMs include a unified market in which products move freely between nations, community preference, in which EU products are always given preference, price advantage over imported products, and financial solidarity in which all expenses by the CAP are covered by the Community budget. The CAP has had a long history of reform, and is nowhere near perfect. The main attempt of improvement came just ten years after its operation. In 1968, the Mansholt Plan in which he aimed at rationalizing farming with the community, giving farmers an adequate income and reducing the burden of subsidies in the economy was put into effect in an attempt to reduce the number of people in the agriculture business and to promote more efficient means of agricultural production. In 1972, the extensive food surpluses were targeted through the creation of structural measures designed to modernize European agriculture. This attempt at reform is generally regarded as a failure because many of the problems it tried to fix were still left unchecked. In 1983, a publication was released entitled, The Green Paper, which sought to balance the on-going differences between supply and demand through improvements in production. In 1988, the European Council agreed on various reform measures. The â€Å"a gricultural expenditure guideline,† limited the percentage of CAP expenditure in the complete budget. In 1991-92 the future of the CAP was addressed through what has been called, â€Å"The MacSharry Reforms† in which the reforms included the cutback of agricultural prices to make the products more competitive, compensation for farmers that incurred a loss in income, and environmental protection. With the positive effects on European agriculture, the reform of 1992 was generally regarded as successful. However, international trends, the expansion towards Central and Eastern Europe, the preparation of the single currency causing budget constraints, the increasing competitiveness of products from non-member countries, and a new round of World Trade Organization negotiations forced further adaptation of the CAP† (europa.eu.int). In July 1997, â€Å"Agenda 2000† was created to address many of the important issues facing the EU and the CAP. the reinforcement of t he competitiveness of agricultural commodities in domestic and world markets were the key focuses of this new agenda , the promotion of a fair standard of living, the creation of extra sources of income for farmers, a new rural development policy, revamped environmental considerations, better food quality and safety, and the simplification of CAP legislation. The European Unions common agricultural policy protects and subsidizes agriculture so heavily as to bring serious social losses to the Economic Union. The policy creates inadequacies in the agriculture sector as well as other sectors of society such as manufacturing, textiles, and service industries. Furthermore, â€Å"there have been many economic consequences of the CAP, including the high level of protection, the burdens on consumers, taxpayers, and the EU budget, environmental damage, the harm to international trading relations, and the failure to raise farmers incomes† (Howarth 4). There have been a number of negative effects on the European Union countries. First and foremost, the Common Agricultural Policy has kept agricultural prices in the member countries above world market prices. â€Å"The CAP has encouraged production of certain products to the extent that net importers of these products have become net exporters† (Rosenblatt 9). Also, the CAP has contributed to large agricultural net export or stock-building by the European community. This has contributed to the CAP hindering the economies of the EU member countries. Higher food prices, which the CAP causes, and which fall hardest on the least well off, hinder economic development and reduce international competitiveness and EU employment. Consumers lose twice under this policy since they have to pay higher prices for their good and pay taxes to subsidize the agricultural sector. The CAP has also led to inefficiencies in production and the European Unions total budget. The European Unions expenditures on agriculture consume roughly 45 percent of their total budget (Rosenblatt 36). The expenditures are paid to keep farmers from letting land go idle, and there is no condition on what types of crops are to be grown on this land. Under the Common Agricultural Policy, farmers tend to harvest more profitable crops on land that is not as suitable for their growth. For example, producers have switched over from producing wheat and oil seeds to butter because the EU has such a high price support for it. This causes the market to go from excess supply to excess demand, and the producers are becoming a net exporter of butter (Pugel 312). Thus, farmers may actually grow crops for which production costs are not covered by the prevailing market prices, but payments make production of these crops profitable to them. The CAP has also caused concern for the environment as well as concerns for the economy. Because of the subsidies provided to farmers, they have the incentive to produce more agricultural products because they will receive more money. The CAP price policies have encouraged intensive farming and the overuse of antibiotics, pesticides, and nitrates. This has put a strain on the environment and has concerned the people of the European Union. The policy did not foresee farmers overproducing and over using chemicals, but this has become an indirect cost created by the policy. Europeans are also concerned with food safety because of farmers using so many chemicals in production. Farmers have been getting away with using the chemicals and unsafe practices because of the limited food safety regulations. Policymakers believed that high price supports would lead to higher food safety and quality. â€Å"High support prices do not increase either food safety or quality: indeed, minimum prices a nd intervention guarantees encourage low quality and standardized produce† (Consumers in Europe group). Under the CAP, the European Union countries have shifted from net importers to net exporters of food products. With the EU subsidizing the agricultural sector so heavily, as to raise some sectors, such as non-grain crops, to eight times larger than it would normally be at (Borrell 18). This has drawn resources and labour out of other sectors of the economy and into the agricultural sector because of the subsidies. â€Å"These costs and resource misallocation reduce the total output and income of the European Union† (Borrell 18). Borrell charts the percentage changes in specific industries due to the CAP in the EU. For example, the CAP has caused negative changes in the following industries: construction and utilities are down one percent, the service industry is down two percent, the manufacturing sector in down almost five percent, and other primary products are down almost six percent (Borrell 20). This information demonstrates that CAP is taking away resources from these se rvice type industries and placing it in the agricultural sector. The transference of these resources is coming at the cost of the consumers, taxpayers, or society as a whole. The effects of the EU Common Agricultural Policy have not just altered the European Unions economy, but it has also restructured other economies throughout the world. The CAP has caused farmers to produce a surplus of agricultural goods in the EU. This has led to dumping of these products into other countries. As a result, importing countries have shifted away from producing agricultural goods to goods such as manufacturing, construction, services, and other primary goods. The United States and Canada have experienced a decrease in agricultural production due to the CAP. Combined, the United States and Canada have experienced a decrease of approximately 8.1 percent across primary agricultural goods (as much as 13 percent for non-grain products to as low as 2.9 percent for meat products) (Borrell 23). Also, with cropping exports down between 26 and 45 percent, this shows implications that output has been dropping in the cropping sector. The effects of the CAP have also shifted resourc es in Australia and New Zealand from agriculture to other primary industries. These countries have experienced an expansion in the mining and forestry industries of 7.5 percent (Borrell 21). These examples display how the CAP has suppressed exports of agricultural products and has led to the allocation of resources into other industries in other countries. It is apparent that the Common Agricultural Policy has been and is causing problems not only in the European Union, but it has also been creating problems in the rest of the world. What the CAP has effectively done to the European Union is that it has caused it to become a net exporter of agricultural products when it should be a net importer of these goods. The EUs policy has changed the world markets for agricultural goods and has imposed significant costs to the EUs consumers and taxpayers. Consumers and taxpayers in the EU bear most of the cost of 70 to 80 million US dollars a year, which is used to increase farmers incomes. The taxpayers and consumers are responsible for this increase in cost, which in turn causes an increase in unemployment. â€Å"The CAP was responsible for a loss of one million jobs in the EU manufacturing sector alone. The EU unemployment rate is currently around 10 percent, which is currently 40 percent higher than the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-Op eration and Development) average† (Borrell 20). It is clear that the Common Agricultural Policy is responsible for increases in unemployment, increases in taxpayer cost and consumer burden, drops in farmer income, and harm to international relations. If the CAP were not implemented, many of these issues would be alleviated. There have been significant losses to the European Union as a whole because of the CAP. To understand, however, what this does to an individual country, an analysis of Britain experience must be looked at. In 1973, Great Britain entered the European Community and, therefore, accepted the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). The acceptance of the CAP caused Britain to move from an agricultural market of free trade and cheap food, to an agricultural market that became the pawn of the European Unions protectionism (Harvey 2). The CAPs main goal was, â€Å"to keep agricultural markets stable, ensure that farmers earn a fair living, and provide consumers with affordable food supplies† (Think quest Library 2). The CAP achieved many goals it set out to accomplish. The very generous price supports to farmers and technological innovation have caused surpluses that are not being offset by a decreasing demand. The CAP has run into criticism in recent times by both British consumers and taxpayers alike, and many citizens and even farmers are calling for its reform. One recent event that caused the European Union to rethink the restrictions of the CAP was the outbreak of mad cow disease in Britain. British cattle that were infected by mad cow disease experienced nervous system breakdown and eventually death. The beef industry suffered in Britain and many of the cattle had to be put to death because they were not suitable to eat. Therefore, the European Union, in 1996, had to impose a British beef export ban (Barclay 21). The ban, and the fall in beef consumption in the UK market, caused the United Kingdom cattle market to lose sales totalling 800 million pounds (Barclay 22). The British were not allowed to export tainted beef to member countries and many member countries feared to import any British beef (Barclay 22). The CAP has hurt Britain in more ways than one. British consumers have been burdened by higher domestic agriculture prices because of CAP policies when they could easily go buy the same product cheaper in the world market. The taxpayers in Britain have been burdened by taxes the European Union imposes to finance subsidies to farmers. Undoubtedly, the United Kingdom would still have to face the mad cow dilemma regardless of its prior entry in the Union. However, the British would be able to develop a unilateral policy in which they would be free from the strict requirements of the European Union.

Essay --

The Fifth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution provides, "No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury†¦nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property†¦ nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation"(Cornell). The clauses within the Fifth Amendment outline constitutional limits on police procedure. Within them there is protection against self-incrimination, it protects defendants from having to testify if they may incriminate themselves through the testimony. A witness may plead the fifth and not answer to any questioning if they believe it can hurt them (Cornell). The Bill of Rights, which consists of the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, enumerates certain basic personal liberties. Laws passed by elected officials that infringe on these liberties are invalidated by the judiciary as unconstitutional. The Fifth Amendment was ratified in 1791; the Framers of the Fifth Amendment intended that its revisions would apply only to the actions of the federal government. After the Fourteenth was ratified, most of the Fifth Amendment's protections were made applicable to the states. Under the Incorporation Doctrine, most of the liberties set forth in the Bill of Rights were made applicable to state governments through the U.S. Supreme Court's interpretation of the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment (Burton, 2007). The one exception to asking questions without warning is if there is some type of danger to the public, which allows officers to engage in questioning. The government cannot force citizens to tes... ...ained in their questioning. Officers commonly have small cards with the Miranda warnings on them so they don’t forget or skip over a part of ones right, if this does occur evidence still cannot be properly obtained because the person was not fully warned of all their rights. Currently, the only unwarned questioning that can occur is if the officer believes the public is in some type of danger. For example, if police come across a man standing in a convenience store that fits the description of recent thefts in a nearby neighborhood and the man runs once police confront him and is later caught and searched, when upon the search they realize he has an empty shoulder holster. In this scenario the public is in potential danger, the police can ask him where the gun is hidden without reading the man his rights and it would not be violating his Fifth Amendment rights.

Bank Marketing Essay -- essays research papers fc

I. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Within our society, financial institutions are becoming more abundant. Along with this present growth, the field of marketing financial services has also grown in size and scope with new entrants everyday. The relatively stable banking environment is being altered with innovation, opportunism, and government intervention. This era, marked by the government’s luminous hand of deregulation (defined as the act of removing regulations or restrictions from a specific entity), has expanded consumer options to the extent that commercial banking must now become an aggressively competing member of the financial services industry. In this new era, important marketing areas such as regulation, environment, product, competition in the market, and delivery of product can no longer be overlooked. II. What is Marketing and Its Role in the Success of Financial Institutions? What is marketing? According to the American Marketing Association, marketing is the â€Å"performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from producer to consumer or user.† In the context of the financial institution, marketing is defined as the â€Å"creation and delivery of customer-satisfying services as a profit to the bank or financial institution.†(McMahon, 1986). With further examination of the previously stated definition, it can be seen that marketing is looked upon as 1) an active process (therefore, ongoing with endless possibilities), with 2) a direct focus on the customer or consumer. Initially, it can be seen that marketing plans that result in efficient returns and profits do not appear out of thin year, but are created. (McMahon, 1986). Once created, these plans must be delivered properly to the consumer. For example, a teller at a bank, with poor delivery and selling, can ultimately destroy a thoroughly thought out creati on aimed at providing superior customer service. Also, marketing is customer-oriented, meaning that it is imperative to take into account whether customers are satisfied and their needs/wants are fulfilled by the products or services offered by the bank. (Reidenbach and Pitts, 1986). Marketing, like any other activity associated with business, is goal-directed. To meet specific goals, individuals in management of these financial institutions create a marketing strategy. A marketing strategy â€Å"consists... ...esent. References Works Cited   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Benn, Alec (1986). Advertising Financial Products and Services. Quorum Books: New York, pp. 100 – 150.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hodges, L.H. and Tillman, R. (1968). Bank Marketing: Text and Cases. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company: Massachusetts. McMahon, Robert J. (1986). Bank Marketing Handbook: How to compete in the Financial Services Industry. Bankers Publishing Company: Boston.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reidenbach, E.R. and Pitts, R.E. (1986). Bank Marketing: A Guide to Strategic Planning. Prentice Hall: New Jersey. Works Referenced   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Donnelly, J.H., Berry, L.L., and Thompson, T.W. (1985). Marketing Financial Services: A Strategic Vision. Dow Jones-Irwin: Illinois.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kinnear, T.C. and Bernhardt, K.L. (1986). Principles of Marketing. Scott, Foresman & Company: Illinois.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Larreche, Jean-Claude and Strong, E.C. (1982). Readings in Marketing Strategy. Scientific Press: Palo Alto.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sinkey, J.F. (1986). Commercial Bank Financial Management, 5th edition. South-Western Publishing Company: New York.

The Tenth Man Essay -- essays research papers

THE TENTH MAN BY GRAHAM GREENE The Tenth Man by Graham Greene The book The Tenth Man by Graham Greene takes place in France in the 1940s during the German occupation of France during the second world war. It starts of in a German prison with the narrator talking about the prisoners singling out two specific characters, the Mayor of Bourge and Pierre an engine driver. Through a situation concerning these two we are introduced to the main character, Jean-Louis Chavel who changes his last name to Charlot. The narrator goes on to describe who the prisoner can here executions ever night. One night a German was killed so for punishment three prisoners were to be killed from each shed. To be fair the cell where the story starts the men drew marked paper from a shoe. Chavel drew the last marked slip which condemned him to death and went into histeria. In his histeria he offered to give every thing he owned to someone if they died for him. A man named Janvier, thinking of his sister and mother, spoke up and took his offer. After the agreement Janvier drew up a will leaving everything he now owned to his sister and mother. The next morning he was executed. The story then shifts to months later in Paris where Chavel, who name has been changed to Charlot, is looking for a job since he gave every thing he had away. Charlot then returned to his old home where he meets Janviers's sister and mother. Because Janvier's sister, Therese, did not now who he relay was, she gave him a job because he knew her brother. While working at the house Charlot had several run-ins with many childhood and adult friends but managed to fool them in some way or a another. Later, a beggar comes along and acts as if he is the real Chavel to escape persecution for being a collaborator with the Germans during the occupation. vividly he explains the whole story pretty well and convinces Therese that he is the real Chavel. Charlot allows him to stay the night and finds out he knew the story and what he wanted. As a plan to get all the land and money that Therese got from her brother, the impostor Chavel convinces Therese that Charlot made him look bad and her brother proposed the deal to him. While proving that the impostor was infact an impostor Charlot w... ...was Charlot. He did so so that Therese would not find out that he was responsible for her brother' demise. In the end it back fired and caused more problems then it solved. Many people do not tell important information of themselves to other people so it does not cause friction between them or others. One main example of this is when applying for a job you are asked if you were ever arrested. Many people lie and say no so they get the job but lying causes them to not get the job because the employer will find out one way or another. One moral that was not given right out in the open but could be received indirectly was about war. I think the author was for war if the cause was a fair one as was World War 2. This is still an area of controversy today. In all the wars we have fought since WW2 we have questioned if it was really necessary. I believe that you should not be forced to fight in any war that you do not believe that we should be fighting in as a nation The book portrayed many morals that society of today needs to learn. If society learns these morals this place will be a very better place to live of everyone and everything.

Group Project Nike Paper Essay

Your specific assignment is to conduct research, analyze, and prepare a report for the CFO on the actual financial performance of the company that you choice for the years 2009, 2010, and 2011. In addition to reviewing the traditional financial performance indicators, you are also to review the companies past and current stock performance for the same periods. Your report is to consist of three parts: 1. an evaluation of the company’s financial performance for the periods 2009, 2010, and 2011 2. an evaluation of the company’s stock performance for the periods 2009, 2010, and 2011 3. finally, a specific recommendation, with supporting rationale, as to whether or not the company’s recent financial and stock performance are of sufficient financial strength to warrant entering into a long-term commitment with the company To assist you in your task, the CFO has provided the following general guidance. As it is recognized that the many companies are undergoing a major contraction, it is very important for you to compare the company’s financial and stock performance trends with those of the industry. You are to consider all necessary and relevant financial performance and stock information, trends, and projections in supporting your recommendation. Relevant factors include, but are not necessarily limited to, financial statement analyses, financial ratio trends and industry comparatives, capital spending, stock growth, Beta values, credit rating service valuations, bond rating valuations, and management and investment reports, when these documents are available. REPORT REQUIREMENTS Your final report is to be an executive-level financial report directed to the CFO. This report must be no longer than six (6) single-spaced typewritten pages. Include suitable comparative, quantitative, and qualitative analyses and conclude with a specific and supported recommendation based on the projected financial viability of the company for the next several years. Essential research data, financial calculations, and other documentation needed to support your recommendation should be referred to in summary form in your report and attached in detail as enclosures. All major sources should be referenced. There is no set limit to the size of the enclosures, but it is recommended that only essential enclosures be attached. You should use references and a bibliography to identify any remaining supporting documents you wish to include. Your report is to be submitted electronically and limited to a maximum of three, one for the executive report, one for attachments and one for power point presentation. Two files are acceptable, with attachments included as separate pages at the end of your report. Only Word, Plain Text, Rich Text, and Excel file formats are acceptable. This report is a group effort and must be researched, developed, and prepared by the entire group. However, to maximize the learning benefit, you are encouraged to share freely and exchange sources of information (Web sites), general approaches, alternatives, and information on general financial theory and applicability as related to the report with other teams. All questions related to this assignment should be referred to the mythical CFO (i.e., me).

Computer Invention: Pro and Con Essay

When we think about technology mostly the first thing that comes in our mind is the image of a computer. Technological advancements such as computer have been designed to help humans and make the lives easy. Computer was invented by MITS (Micro Instrumentation Telemetry Systems) in 1974 in USA. Since the beginning of human era we have always tried to obtain machines to make our lives easier. Before the computer was invented people did boring tasks. No one can deny the fact that computers play a very effective and important role in our lives. Many of us spend a lot of hours in front of computer working or using it just for fun. But still as any thing, computers have their advantage and disadvantage. To the advantage of using a computer I may consider that it is very convenient, you can use it for doing a lot of tasks. The disadvantage of computer are that people became lazier and that the machines replace people at their working places. Now I will be specific on each pro and con. Firstly, the pluses. Nowadays computers became an essential part of our lives. We use them almost everywhere: while preparing for our lessons or researching on any topic on the Internet or making a presentation about the work which you have done. The computer actually makes our lives easier. You don’t need a lot of paper while writing an essay for example. You may just delete an inappropriate thought and not throw away the whole sheet of paper. You don’t need to use paper to save any information on shelves . You can have as many files as you can in a computer and organize them the way you like it without having to use any space. In fact, computer is the Most important Invention because they can display and let you manipulate save information, and it is used in almost all fields . First of all computer have multi-tasking features that can minimize the work you have to do. The cheapest computer has at least the basic tasks such as mathematic that help you when you need to doing something in short time . For example, the only thing you must do is to type the information needed and it’s done. Secondly, computer can display and let you manipulate save  information. Finally, computer is used in almost all fields such as education, and any type of job. For example, you can use computers to play videogames, watch movies, listen to music and chat on the internet. So, computer is the most important Invention because you done the work in short time consumption on the activities, you can save the information and edit it anytime, and they let you do almost anything you need. Computer is tool of communication, an d tool of education that can save money and time . You can have all the information in one place and dispose of it at the moment you need.